Posted May 6, 2010, by Rabbi Judy Abrams. Please refer to Maqom's home page for information about previous passages.
Nowadays we count the Omer but in the days of the Temple, they reaped the Omer. And it wasn't your average "bringing in the sheaves." There was an enormous ceremony that went with it, involving everyone in the area.
How did they make the omer ready? The messengers of the Court used to go out into the field on the eve of the Festival of Passover and tie up the upper part of the grain by handfuls in bunches while it was still connected with the soil in order that it should be easier to reap And the people of the towns close by assembled there in the evening at the end of the first day of Passover that it should be reaped with great ceremonial display.
When it grew dark the appointed reaper called out to the bystanders: Has the sun set? And they replied: Yes. He says again: Has the sun set? And they answer again: Yes.
He then asked: Is this the sickle? And they responded: Yes! He repeated the question and they said: Yes.
He asked: Is this the basket to hold the corn and they said yes. Is this they basket? And they answered: Yes.
If it were Saturday night he asked them: On Shabbat? On this Shabbat? And they said: Yes.
And finally he called out: Shall I reap? And they said: Reap!. Three tiles did he call out for every separate matter and they reply: Yes! Yes! Yes!
And why was all this procedure carried out? Because of the Baitusi who used to maintain that the omer must not be reaped at the conclusion of the first Festival day of Passover. (M. Menachot 10:3)
The Dead Sea Scrolls were only found in 1947 and their full contents were not known till some 15 years later. And it is only with two key pieces of information from these scrolls that we can fully understand this mishnah. (1) The DSS folks' major holiday was Shavuot and (2) The DSS folks set the calendar differently than did the establishment in the Jerusalem Temple.
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